Cov neeg tuaj saib coob coob tab tom mus rau Sanxingdui Tsev khaws puav pheej hauv Guanghan, xeev Sichuan, txawm tias muaj kev sib kis ntawm COVID-19.

Luo Shan, tus tub hluas txais tos ntawm qhov chaw, feem ntau nug los ntawm cov neeg tuaj txog thaum sawv ntxov vim li cas lawv nrhiav tsis tau tus neeg saib xyuas los qhia lawv nyob ib puag ncig.

Lub tsev khaws puav pheej ntiav qee cov lus qhia, tab sis lawv tsis tuaj yeem tiv nrog cov neeg tuaj xyuas tam sim ntawd, Luo tau hais.

Hnub Saturday, ntau dua 9,000 tus neeg tuaj xyuas lub tsev khaws puav pheej, ntau dua plaub npaug ntawm tus lej nyob rau hnub so. Daim pib muag tau mus txog 510,000 yuan ($ 77,830), qhov thib ob-siab tshaj plaws txhua hnub txij li thaum nws qhib xyoo 1997.

Kev nce siab hauv cov neeg tuaj xyuas tau tshwm sim los ntawm kev tshaj tawm xov xwm ntawm relics excavated los ntawm rau 6 qhov nrhiav tau tshiab tshiab ntawm qhov chaw Sanxingdui Ruins. Kev sib kis tau tshaj tawm hauv Tuam Tshoj Central TV rau peb hnub txij lub Peb Hlis 20.

Ntawm qhov chaw, ntau dua 500 cov khoom qub, suav nrog cov qhov ncauj qhov ntswg kub, cov khoom siv tooj liab, kaus ntxhw, jade thiab textiles, tau pom los ntawm lub qhov dej, uas muaj hnub nyoog 3,200 txog 4,000 xyoo.

Kev tshaj tawm tau txhawb cov neeg tuaj saib kev txaus siab rau ntau yam khoom qub uas tau pom ua ntej ntawm qhov chaw, uas tau tso rau hauv tsev cia puav pheej.

Nyob rau 40 kilometers sab qaum teb ntawm Chengdu, lub nroog ntawm Sichuan, qhov chaw npog 12 square kilometers thiab muaj cov ruins ntawm ib tug ancient nroog, pits fij tseg, lub tsev nyob thiab tombs.

Cov kws tshawb fawb ntseeg tias qhov chaw tau tsim los ntawm 2,800 thiab 4,800 xyoo dhau los, thiab qhov kev tshawb pom ntawm archaeological qhia tias nws yog ib qho kev tsim kho thiab kev vam meej nyob rau hauv ancient sij hawm.

Chen Xiaodan, tus thawj coj archaeologist hauv Chengdu uas tau koom nrog kev khawb ntawm qhov chaw hauv xyoo 1980, hais tias nws tau tshawb pom los ntawm kev sib tsoo, ntxiv tias nws "zoo li tshwm los ntawm qhov tsis pom".

Xyoo 1929, Yan Daocheng, ib tug neeg nyob hauv Guanghan, tau khawb ib qhov av uas muaj cov pob zeb thiab pob zeb khoom pov tseg thaum kho cov kwj dej ntawm nws lub tsev.

Cov khoom qub tau paub sai sai ntawm cov neeg muag khoom qub li "Lub Jadeware ntawm Guanghan". Qhov nrov ntawm cov jade, nyob rau hauv lem, nyiam archaeologists 'kev mloog, Chen hais.

Xyoo 1933, ib pab pawg archaeological coj los ntawm David Crockett Graham, uas tuaj ntawm Tebchaws Meskas thiab yog tus saib xyuas ntawm West China Union University lub tsev khaws puav pheej hauv Chengdu, tau mus rau qhov chaw ua haujlwm thawj zaug kev khawb av.

Txij xyoo 1930 mus, ntau tus kws tshawb fawb keeb kwm yav dhau los ua qhov kev khawb ntawm qhov chaw, tab sis tag nrho lawv tsis muaj dab tsi, vim tsis muaj kev tshawb pom tseem ceeb.

Txoj kev tawg tuaj rau xyoo 1980s. Cov seem ntawm cov palaces loj thiab qhov chaw ntawm sab hnub tuaj, sab hnub poob thiab yav qab teb lub nroog phab ntsa tau pom nyob rau ntawm qhov chaw hauv xyoo 1984, ua raws li ob xyoos tom qab los ntawm kev tshawb pom ntawm ob lub qhov dej loj loj.

Cov kev tshawb pom tau lees paub tias qhov chaw nyob hauv lub tsev puas tsuaj ntawm lub nroog qub uas yog kev nom kev tswv, kev lag luam thiab kev coj noj coj ua ntawm Shu Kingdom. Nyob rau hauv ancient sij hawm, Sichuan hu ua Shu.

Kev ntseeg pov thawj

Lub xaib tau pom tias yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws archaeological discoveries nyob rau hauv Tuam Tshoj thaum lub xyoo pua 20th.

Chen tau hais tias ua ntej kev khawb av tau ua tiav, nws tau xav tias Sichuan muaj keeb kwm 3,000 xyoo. Ua tsaug rau txoj haujlwm no, tam sim no ntseeg tau tias kev vam meej tuaj rau Sichuan 5,000 xyoo dhau los.

Duan Yu, tus kws sau keeb kwm nrog Sichuan Provincial Academy of Social Sciences, tau hais tias Sanxingdui qhov chaw, nyob rau sab saud ntawm tus Dej Yangtze, tseem ua pov thawj tias keeb kwm ntawm Suav kev vam meej muaj ntau haiv neeg, raws li nws scotches theories tias Dej Hiav Txwv. yog lub hauv paus chiv keeb.

Lub Tsev khaws puav pheej Sanxingdui, nyob ib sab ntawm tus dej Yazi uas nyob ntsiag to, rub cov neeg tuaj saib los ntawm ntau qhov chaw hauv ntiaj teb, uas tau txais tos los ntawm qhov pom ntawm lub ntsej muag tooj liab loj thiab tooj liab taub hau tib neeg.

Lub ntsej muag zoo nkauj tshaj plaws thiab txaus ntshai tshaj plaws, uas yog 138 cm dav thiab 66 cm siab, nta qhov muag pom.

Lub qhov muag yog slanted thiab txaus elongated kom haum rau ob lub qhov muag cylindrical, uas protrude 16 cm nyob rau hauv ib yam ntawm exaggeration heev. Ob lub pob ntseg tau nthuav dav thiab muaj cov lus qhia zoo li cov kiv cua taw qhia.

Kev siv zog ua kom paub tseeb tias daim duab yog cov neeg Shu cov poj koob yawm txwv, Can Cong.

Raws li cov ntaub ntawv sau tseg hauv Suav cov ntaub ntawv, ntau lub tsev hais plaub dynastic tau nce thiab poob thaum lub sijhawm Shu Kingdom, suav nrog cov thawj coj ntawm haiv neeg los ntawm Can Cong, Bo Guan thiab Kai Ming xeem.

Pawg Can Cong yog tus hlob tshaj plaws los tsim lub tsev hais plaub hauv Shu Kingdom. Raws li ib phau ntawv Suav hais tias, "Nws tus huab tais muaj qhov muag pom thiab nws yog thawj tus huab tais tshaj tawm hauv lub nceeg vaj keeb kwm."

Raws li cov kws tshawb fawb, ib qho txawv txawv, xws li qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm lub npog ntsej muag, yuav tau qhia rau cov neeg Shu ib tus neeg tuav txoj haujlwm zoo.

Ntau lub bronze sculptures ntawm Sanxingdui Tsev khaws puav pheej muaj xws li ib tug impressive pej thuam ntawm ib tug txiv neej liab qab hnav pob luj taws, nws ob txhais tes clenched. Daim duab yog 180 cm siab, thaum tag nrho cov pej thuam, uas xav tias sawv cev rau ib tug huab tais los ntawm Shu Kingdom, yog ze li ntawm 261 cm siab, nrog rau lub hauv paus.

Ntau tshaj 3,100 xyoo, tus pej thuam yog crowned nrog lub hnub motif thiab boasts peb txheej nruj, luv-sleeved bronze "cov khaub ncaws" decorated nrog ib tug zaj qauv thiab overlaid nrog ib tug check ribbon.

Huang Nengfu, tus kws tshaj lij ntawm kev kos duab thiab tsim qauv ntawm Tsinghua University hauv Beijing, uas yog tus kws tshawb fawb tseem ceeb ntawm Suav cov khaub ncaws los ntawm cov dynasties sib txawv, suav tias cov ris tsho yog lub tsho ntev tshaj plaws nyob hauv Suav teb. Nws kuj xav tias tus qauv no muaj npe nrov Shu paj ntaub.

Raws li Wang Yuqing, tus kws sau keeb kwm ntawm Suav khaub ncaws nyob rau hauv Taiwan, cov tsoos tsho tau hloov cov kev xav ntawm Shu paj ntaub los ntawm nruab nrab Qing Dynasty (1644-1911). Hloov chaw, nws qhia tau hais tias nws los ntawm Shang Dynasty (c. 16th caug xyoo-11th xyoo pua BC).

Ib lub tuam txhab tsoos tsho hauv Beijing tau tsim ib lub tsho hnav khaub ncaws kom phim tus pej thuam ntawm tus txiv neej liab qab hauv pob taws.

Kev ua koob tsheej nco txog kev ua tiav ntawm lub tsho tshaj sab, uas tau nthuav tawm ntawm Chengdu Shu Brocade thiab Paj Ntaub Tsev khaws puav pheej, tau tuav hauv Great Hall of the People hauv Suav lub nroog hauv xyoo 2007.

Cov khoom kub tso rau hauv Sanxingdui Tsev khaws puav pheej, suav nrog lub pas nrig, qhov ncauj qhov ntswg thiab cov nplooj kub dai kom zoo nkauj ntawm tus Tsov thiab ntses, paub txog lawv qhov zoo thiab muaj ntau haiv neeg.

Ingenious thiab exquisite craftsmanship yuav tsum tau kub-txheej txheej txheem xws li pounding, molding, welding thiab chiseling, mus rau hauv ua cov khoom, uas showcase lub siab tshaj plaws kub smelting thiab ua technology nyob rau hauv Tuam Tshoj lub keeb kwm thaum ntxov.

Ntoo core

Cov khoom pov thawj ntawm kev saib ntawm lub tsev khaws puav pheej yog tsim los ntawm kub thiab tooj liab alloy, nrog kub suav txog 85 feem pua ​​​​ntawm lawv cov muaj pes tsawg leeg.

Lub pas nrig, uas yog 143 cm ntev, 2.3 cm nyob rau hauv lub cheeb thiab hnyav txog 463 grams, muaj ib tug ntoo core, nyob ib ncig ntawm uas yog qhwv pounded kub nplooj. Cov ntoo tau lwj, tsuas yog seem seem, tab sis cov nplooj kub tseem nyob.

Cov qauv tsim muaj ob qhov profile, txhua tus sorcerer lub taub hau nrog tsib-point crown, hnav daim duab peb sab qhwv ntsej thiab ntaus pob ncaws pob dav luag ntxhi. Kuj tseem muaj cov pab pawg zoo ib yam ntawm cov qauv zoo nkauj, txhua tus muaj ib khub ntawm cov noog thiab ntses, rov qab-rau-rov qab. Ib tug xub overlaps tus noog lub caj dab thiab ntses taub hau.

Feem coob ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb xav tias tus pas nrig yog ib yam khoom tseem ceeb hauv Shu huab tais lub regalia thaum ub, cim nws txoj cai tswjfwm thiab lub hwj chim los saum ntuj los nyob rau hauv txoj cai ntawm kev ntseeg.

Ntawm cov kab lis kev cai qub nyob rau tim lyiv teb chaws, Npanpiloo, tim Nkij teb chaws thiab sab hnub poob Asia, ib tug pas nrig feem ntau suav tias yog lub cim ntawm lub xeev siab tshaj plaws.

Qee cov kws tshawb fawb kwv yees tias lub pas dej kub los ntawm Sanxingdui qhov chaw tuaj yeem yog los ntawm sab qaum teb sab hnub tuaj lossis sab hnub poob Asia thiab tshwm sim los ntawm kev sib pauv kev coj noj coj ua ntawm ob lub tebchaws.

Nws tau tshawb pom ntawm qhov chaw nyob rau xyoo 1986 tom qab Sichuan Provincial Archaeological Team tau nqis tes ua kom txwv tsis pub lub tuam txhab cib hauv zos khawb hauv cheeb tsam.

Chen, tus kws tshawb fawb keeb kwm yav dhau los uas tau coj pab pawg excavation ntawm qhov chaw, hais tias tom qab pom tus pas nrig, nws xav tias nws yog ua los ntawm kub, tab sis nws hais rau cov neeg saib nws yog tooj liab, yog tias leej twg sim ua nrog nws.

Hauv kev teb rau qhov kev thov los ntawm pab pawg, tsoomfwv hauv nroog Guanghan tau xa 36 tus tub rog los saib xyuas qhov chaw uas pom tus pas nrig.

Lub xeev tsis zoo ntawm cov khoom qub uas tso rau hauv Sanxingdui Tsev khaws puav pheej, thiab lawv cov kev faus neeg, qhia tias lawv tau txhob txwm hlawv lossis rhuav tshem. Qhov hluav taws kub loj tshwm sim tau ua rau cov khoom tawg, tawg, tawg, tawg lossis tawg tag.

Raws li cov kws tshawb fawb, nws yog ib qho kev coj ua los teeb tsa cov khoom fij fij rau hauv Suav teb thaum ub.

Qhov chaw uas ob lub qhov dej loj loj tau muab pov tseg hauv xyoo 1986 nyob tsuas yog 2.8 km sab hnub poob ntawm Sanxingdui Tsev khaws puav pheej. Chen tau hais tias feem ntau ntawm cov khoom pov thawj tseem ceeb ntawm lub tsev khaws puav pheej yog los ntawm ob lub qhov.

Ning Guoxia pab txhawb rau zaj dab neeg.

huangzhiling@chinadaily.com.cn